What is a Cloud Service? What you should know!

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I believe most of you are familiar with the term "cloud," which has become a common concept thanks to the widespread use of computers and smartphones, driven by the advancements in Internet technology. However, even though we may have heard of it and have a general understanding, explaining it in a clear and concise manner can be quite challenging.

That's why, in this article, we will delve into the world of "cloud services" – something that you may be aware of but not fully comprehend. We will start with the basics, such as defining what the cloud actually is, and then explore its various types, benefits, precautions, and key factors to consider when selecting a cloud service.

This article is a must-read for those who wish to enhance their internet literacy, gain a better understanding of commonly used terminology, or are considering implementing cloud services. Make sure to read until the end!

Furthermore, I would like to mention that JIITAK has previously covered AWS in one of their blog articles, which is a prominent player in the realm of cloud services. If this piques your interest, I encourage you to take a look at that article as well.

Also, in JIITAK's past blog, there is an article that covers AWS among cloud services! If you are interested, please take a look.

▶︎Why is AWS, the world's No. 1 market share, so popular? Get closer to the reason why it was chosen

What is Cloud Service?

In my journey through system development, app development, and digital transformation, I've come to appreciate the essence and utility of cloud services. To me, understanding what cloud services are is the first step in recognizing their vast potential.

Cloud services, as I've learned, are not just software and data traditionally installed on local computers. They represent a significant shift in how we access and manage technical resources. Instead of relying on in-house servers and infrastructure, cloud services offer these resources over networks like the Internet. This revelation was a game-changer for me, especially considering how it simplifies processes and reduces overhead.

At its core, cloud services provide flexibility and accessibility. It's an innovative approach that allows users like us to access a variety of services as needed, which is why it's aptly referred to as the "cloud." The term, interestingly, comes from the IT industry's practice of using a cloud symbol to represent network aspects in system diagrams.

One cannot talk about cloud services without highlighting their advantages. The ease of use, including quick implementation times and reduced installation and operational costs, are prime benefits that drew my attention. Remember the times when using external services meant purchasing specialized hardware or installing software? Cloud services have revolutionized this, making it less complex and more efficient.

Moreover, I've observed that data security, often a significant concern, is robustly addressed in cloud services. The risks associated with external devices like USBs – loss, failure – are significantly mitigated. Data is automatically backed up, minimizing the risk of data loss. Plus, the ability to access services from multiple devices facilitates real-time collaboration, a boon for project teams.

The types of cloud services available are diverse, catering to various needs in system and app development. From Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) to Software as a Service (SaaS), each type offers unique advantages, fitting different requirements of a project or an organization.

As a professional deeply involved in digital transformation, I find that cloud services eliminate the need for setting up our own servers or data storage locations. This aspect, coupled with the cost-saving potential, makes cloud services not just a technological choice but a strategic business decision.


Classification of Cloud Services

Cloud services can be mainly classified into the following three types: I will explain each of them

・SaaS (Software as a Service)

SaaS means "software provided as a service" and is a form of cloud service that uses software over the Internet.

Since the service provider runs the software in the cloud, there is no need to install software on your device, and maintenance and updates are performed automatically, so there is no need for maintenance. Anyone with an account can log in via the Internet and use it anytime, anywhere, allowing them to share files and collaborate on the cloud.

I have written an article in detail in the past, so if you are interested, please check it out!

▶︎ What is SaaS? Thorough explanation of SaaS that you need to know

・PaaS (Platform as a Service)

PaaS is a service that focuses on application development and provides the tools and environment that developers need to build, test, and deploy applications, such as databases, web servers, frameworks, and development languages.

Using PaaS, developers can focus on application development without having to prepare servers or databases themselves. In addition, by being able to freely combine resources such as tools and environments depending on the scale of development, efficient development can be achieved, and as a result, applications can be released and new features added quickly.

・IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

IaaS is a service that provides virtualized infrastructure such as underlying storage, CPU, and memory. A cloud provider provides the infrastructure and operates and maintains it. By utilizing this, the infrastructure part can be brought online, so there is no need to own actual machines such as servers, and resources can be adjusted according to the company's needs, which can lead to efficient resource usage and cost reductions.

Cloud Service Provision and Operation Formats

Cloud services are available in various forms of provision and operation. By understanding the characteristics of each and selecting the most suitable one based on the purpose and required functions, you can optimize the performance of your cloud services.

Cloud Service Provision Formats:

・Public Cloud:
A public cloud is an open environment shared by an unspecified number of users. When we refer to a "cloud service," it usually means a public cloud. Although customization options may be limited due to the large number of users, service fees are generally lower because resources are shared. It is easy to start using a public cloud service by simply signing a contract and paying the usage fee.

・Private Cloud:
A private cloud is a provision format where each user prepares and uses their own environment. Unlike public clouds, private clouds offer more customization options, but service fees tend to be higher. There is also an on-premise private cloud format, where the equipment is prepared in-house and a cloud environment is provided. While this incurs additional costs compared to a normal private cloud, it allows for greater control over system design and management. This enables the application of customized services while ensuring enhanced security.

Cloud Service Operation Formats:

The operational format of cloud services depends on how public and private clouds are used in combination. There are three main operation formats:
・Standalone Operation:
This format involves using either public cloud or private cloud separately, depending on the requirements.

・Hybrid Cloud:
Hybrid cloud is an operation format that combines both public and private clouds. It allows the use of different cloud environments based on specific purposes. For example, low-cost systems can utilize public clouds, while systems requiring high reliability can benefit from private clouds.

・Multicloud:
Multicloud is a method that involves combining and utilizing multiple public cloud services to maximize their individual benefits. Managing multiple services may require more time and resources, but it reduces dependence on a single cloud provider and distributes risks.

By understanding these different provision and operation formats, you can make informed decisions about which cloud services to adopt for your business needs. Each format has its own advantages and considerations, and selecting the right combination can help you achieve optimal performance, cost-effectiveness, and security for your cloud-based operations.

Advantages of Cloud Services Providers


Let's summarize the benefits of the cloud services listed above.

・Reduced Time and Cost: Cloud providers handle maintenance and operations, including hardware and security updates. This eliminates the need for installation, maintenance, and operation on your end, saving you time and reducing costs. Additionally, many cloud services offer a pay-as-you-go system, allowing for customization and avoiding unnecessary expenses.

・Scalability: Cloud services allow for easy addition or modification of resources, providing a flexible response to meet demand. For instance, if there is an increase in the number of accesses or load, cloud providers can quickly add resources to scale up while maintaining service stability. On the other hand, if demand declines, resources can be downsized to optimize costs.

・Distribution and Backup: Cloud environments enable data and systems to be distributed across multiple locations, minimizing the risk of data loss. Moreover, cloud services offer easy backup options, ensuring the safety and security of your data.

By utilizing cloud services, businesses can benefit from reduced time and cost, scalability, and enhanced data distribution and backup capabilities. These advantages make cloud service providers an attractive option for organizations looking to optimize their operations and improve efficiency.

Points to Note before Choosing Cloud Service Providers

Before choosing a cloud service provider, it is important to consider certain factors that may have an impact on your experience. While cloud services offer many advantages, there are also some points to be aware of. It is crucial to thoroughly understand these points before making a decision.

・Customization Constraints and Costs

One aspect to consider is the customization constraints and costs associated with cloud services. Since the system is built according to the cloud provider's provision plan and environment, it may be difficult to customize it to meet your specific needs. Even if customization is possible, there may be additional fees involved. To optimize costs, it is recommended to regularly check your usage status and review available plans and options to ensure they are appropriate for your requirements.

・Risk of Dependence on Cloud Provider

Another point to consider is the risk of dependence on a particular cloud provider. Relying heavily on one provider can make it challenging to migrate to another service or rebuild in the future. If any issues arise with the chosen provider, you may be forced to discontinue the service. To mitigate this risk, it is advisable to maintain multiple backups of your data, ensuring you are prepared for unexpected situations.

・Consideration for Security and Privacy

Security and privacy should also be taken into consideration when using cloud services. As data is stored and processed by a third party, it is important to be cautious about security measures. Strong passwords, data encryption, and careful management of access privileges are recommended. Additionally, it is essential to review your cloud provider's security measures and privacy policy to ensure compliance with legal requirements. AWS, a prominent cloud service provider, emphasizes the importance of both service providers and users having a correct understanding and literacy regarding security. Adhering to these precautions is crucial for using cloud services safely and effectively.

While cloud services offer numerous benefits, it is essential to be aware of potential limitations and risks. By considering customization constraints, costs, dependence on a single provider, and security and privacy concerns, you can make an informed decision when choosing a cloud service provider. Remember to regularly review your usage and stay updated on available options to optimize your experience.

Points for Selection/Comparison

When it comes to choosing the right cloud service for your business, the options can be overwhelming. However, by considering the following points of selection and comparison, you can find the most suitable service that meets your needs.

Cost: It's important to not only look at the usage fees for services and resources but also consider any hidden costs, such as additional options. Take a long-term perspective and calculate the approximate cost to ensure it aligns with your budget.

Availability: Ensure that the cloud service you choose has high stability and availability. Look for measures in place to handle any potential failures and downtime to minimize disruptions to your business operations.

Scalability: As your business grows, it's crucial to have a cloud service that can accommodate your future expansion plans. Check if the service allows for easy configuration changes, as well as scaling up or down as needed.

Applicable Domestic Laws: Depending on the location of the data center, the applicable laws may vary. It's essential to choose a cloud service provider that can comply with the domestic laws of your country to avoid any legal complications.

Security: Data protection is of utmost importance, so make sure to thoroughly check the security measures and authentication protocols implemented by the cloud service provider. This will ensure that your data remains secure and protected from any unauthorized access.

By considering these points, you can make an informed decision and choose a cloud service that not only meets your business needs but also aligns with your budget and legal requirements.

Summary

So far, we have explained the basics of cloud services, their types, benefits, points to note, and points for selection and comparison.

The government recommends the use of cloud services because they can be started easily by reducing the time and cost of installation, maintenance, and operation, and can be used in combination with services that meet your requirements. However, it is important to understand not only the benefits but also the points to be careful about when using the service, and then carefully consider which part of your company would be most effective in using cloud services by applying the benefits, selection and comparison points to your company's goals. I need to go.

In product development, JIITAK supports AWS, Azure, and GCP, and constructs infrastructure environments according to purposes. If you have any problems with product development, Feel free to contact us.

References

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Written By

Thomas Varghese

Thomas Varghese, a seasoned expert with 5 years in cloud services, focuses on designing and implementing advanced cloud-based solutions. He excels in optimizing systems for efficiency and scalability, aiding businesses in their cloud transition.

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